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Crohns-Disease:-How-To-Tell-If-You-Have-It

By: Alex Morgan...

Crohn's disease is relatively common, with approximately 1 in every 1500 people suffering from the condition, although it occurs slightly more often in women and in smokers. The disease causes inflammation of the lining of the walls of the digestive tract and can occur anywhere along its length; but is most often found in patches of the small and large intestine. Symptoms vary for person to person, both in severity and frequency . Some people have very mild symptoms and the disease can go undiagnosed for years. Others will have very severe, frequent attacks and will require hospitalization.

Inflammation of the digestive tract causes the area to become red and painfully swollen. Pain varies according to the site and severity of the flare up, but is often reported in the lower right side of the abdomen. Ulceration of the wall lining can also occur which causes the digestive tract to become further narrowed and will lead to blood in the feces. Eventually the digestive tract can become completely obstructed.

Diarrhea is a very common symptom of the disease and is often mixed with blood or pus. People will feel an urgency to go to the toilet, and many will also experience tenesmus, a feeling of needing to go to the toilet but having nothing to pass when you get there. General health can deteriorate as sufferers become anaemic due to heavy bleeding, or deficient in some vitamins and minerals since they are unable to absorb food properly. This causes weight loss and severe tiredness.

Diagnosis of Crohn's disease is normally given after a number of tests and investigations have been carried out. If a patient has been showing signs of the disease such as weight loss, pain and diarrhea for three or more weeks, their doctor will normally take stool and blood samples, arrange for endoscopic examinations and barium x- rays, and may also have biopsies taken, in order to confirm the diagnosis.

Once Crohn's disease has been identified, treatment normally begins with medication. A group of drugs known as 5-aminosalicylates are the mainstay of treatment for people with mild symptoms. However, these may be ineffective in people with moderate or severe symptoms, and often steroids are then given, on a short term basis, to reduce inflammation and calm the condition. These are not used over the long term, because although highly effective, they do have unwanted side effects. In addition, other medication may be required on an ad hoc basis. For example antibiotics are sometimes needed to fight a secondary infection, or iron supplements used to treat anemia.

If medication fails to alleviate the symptoms or if complications have occurred, surgery may be required to remove the affected part of the gut or other obstructions. Indeed some 80% of all sufferers with moderate symptoms will require some surgery during the course of their treatment. In addition a diet of easily digestible food may be prescribed for a few weeks during a flare up to give the body a chance to rest, after which a normal diet is slowly re-introduced.

At present there is no cure for Crohn's disease and no known way to prevent it, but the symptoms can be treated and the periods of remission can be stretched to last several years. Most people are able to lead normal lives. The research and development of new medications for Crohn's disease is continuing, and it seems likely that there will be a number of new treatments available in the near future.

Article Source: http://www.acmearticles.com

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